Li, R., Li, X., Huang, J. var. Wang, J. et al. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Water thoroughly and keep the pot in partial shade for the first few weeks to minimize transplant shock, then move to a location with full sun. Luo, Z. Agric Res Arid Areas 30:230236, Livesley SJ, Gregory PJ, Buresh RJ (2000) Competition in tree-row agroforestry systems. & Li, X. Transcript analyses of ethylene pathway genes during ripening of Chinese jujube fruit. (China Forestry Publishing House, 2013). ISSN 2662-6810 (print), The historical and current research progress on jujubea superfruit for the future, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41438-020-00346-5, Germplasm resources and genetic breeding of Paeonia: a systematic review, Comparative population genomics dissects the genetic basis of seven domestication traits in jujube, A roadmap for research in octoploid strawberry, Advancing crop genomics from lab to field, RosBREED: bridging the chasm between discovery and application to enable DNA-informed breeding in rosaceous crops, Prunus genetics and applications after de novo genome sequencing: achievements and prospects, The genome of cultivated peanut provides insight into legume karyotypes, polyploid evolution and crop domestication, An update on the arsenal: mining resistance genes for disease management of Brassica crops in the genomic era, Identification and stacking of crucial traits required for the domestication of pennycress, http://jujube.genomics.cn/page/species/index.jsp, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Identification and expression analysis of BURP domain-containing genes in jujube and their involvement in low temperature and drought response, Comparison of ascorbate metabolism in fruits of two jujube species with differences in ascorbic acid content, Genomic constitution and relationships of Ziziphus species collected from Malakand Division, Pakistan, Multiple responses contribute to the enhanced drought tolerance of the autotetraploid Ziziphus jujuba Mill. The oldest collection of poems in China, called The Book of Songs, contains the sentence Jujube fruit picked in August and rice harvested in October, indicating that jujube was domestically cultivated as early ago as 3000 years ago. Jiang, H. & Liu, M. Studies on polyploid induction of Chinese jujube with colchicine. Fresh keeping and changes in some physiological indexes of Chinese Dongzao jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) Sin.32, 496499 (2005). Stnic, F. & Vasile, S. A. Chinese datea new promising fruit plant for Romania southern areas. Sci.21, 414418 (2004). Dongzao). Food Sci.37, 8385 (2012). An evolutionary divergence analysis of jujube, pear and Prunus mume found that the 4DTv (fourfold synonymous third-codon transversion) rate of jujube peaked at only 0.50, suggesting that no recent whole-genome duplication had occurred in jujube12. Sugar transport played a more important role than sugar biosynthesis in fruit sugar accumulation during Chinese jujube domestication. Fruit drying technology has gradually changed from traditional natural drying under the sun to dehydration in a drying room or by drying machine129. It is distributed in at least 48 countries on all continents except Antarctica and is becoming increasingly important, especially in arid and semiarid marginal lands. This work was financially supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (Project No. Han, Z., Yuan, D., Chen, W. & Chen, Y. & Liu, M. Analysis of triterpenoid acids in Chinese jujube. For. J. Agric. Jujube research can be roughly divided into five periods as follows10. Forests10, 392 (2019). Stnic, F., Dicianu, D. E. & Butcaru, A. C. Jujube fruits behaviour at controlled atmosphere storage. The fruits of the tetraploids were 3050% larger in size, 47 days earlier to mature and better tasting than diploid fruits. Agroforest Syst 87, 929939 (2013). The key techniques included peeling off the seed coat, culturing young embryos together with their endosperm and reverse inoculating young embryos with the chalazal end pointed down on the medium. Agrofor Syst 61:221236, Gillespie AR, Jose S, Mengel DB, Hoover WL, Pope PE, Seifert JR, Biehle DJ, Stall T, Benjamin TJ (2000) Defining competition vectors in a temperate alley cropping system in the midwestern USA. sending out suckers 30' feet away) so my main question is this: Are the roots strong enough to move/. spinosa enhances salt tolerance conferred by active, diverse stress responses. China Fruits3, 4647 (1983). drew the figure of the different organ morphologies of Chinese jujube. Hao, Z., Dai, L., Wang, J., Wu, X. Univ.26, 221224 (1999). Chen, Y. L. & Schirarend, C. Rhamnaceae. Asian J. Chem.24, 792796 (2012). Dongzao. BMC Genom.20, 568 (2019). It . Liu, P. et al. Int. 7. in Chinese Dates a Traditional Functional Food (eds Liu, D., Ye, X. Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of four known Ziziphus species. A postharvest physiological study revealed the main factors influencing fruit preservation in jujube115. Liu, M. et al. In the last 30 years, various new products, such as jujube juice, jujube powder, jujube slices, jujube tea, jujube beer, jujube essence, and jujube pigment, have been developed149. Moreover, 2000 years ago, jujube had spread throughout China, large-scale jujube commercial production areas had developed, and jujube had become one of the five most important fruit trees in China, namely, peach, apricot, plum, chestnut, and jujube. For instance, the formation and genetic mechanisms of the main economic traits of jujube and the interaction between jujube fruit development and environmental changes are still unclear, which restricts breeding efficiency improvements and innovation in cultivation techniques. Agrofor Syst 60:167179, Yin R, He Q (1997) The spatial and temporal effects of Paulownia intercropping: the case of northern China. & Cheng, H. Cultivation technique for direct seeding and orchard constructing of arid area jujube. Consequently, it is difficult to fulfill the new demands of government and enterprises for scientific decision-making. Regarding the obvious differences in distribution, morphology, usage, and historical knowledge of jujube and sour jujube in China, Liu et al. (6) International exchange and cooperation are still insufficient and are accompanied by severe imbalances among countries both in production and research. These techniques effectively solve the problem of a short supply period for open field cultivation and can increases revenues by 35 times. The root system is the main organ of water uptake for the plant. Sci. The 20 litre large container with a blue base, and the 38 L extra large container . Internet Explorer). ), also called Chinese date or Chinese jujube, is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees in the world and is the most important species in the large cosmopolitan family Rhamnaceae in terms of its economic, ecological, and social importance. The roots of other species however will occasionally send up suckers, or shoots, that grow up and through the soil to develop if undisturbed into fully-grown plants with their own root system. Mech.34, 2630 (2013). Liu, M., Zhao, J. Xie, W., Ding, C. & Song, Y. Juice obtained from the fruits is used in making small candies called jujubes. J. 2009BADA4B03), by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture (Project No. Liu, M. Technical Manual for Quality Production in Chinese Jujube (China Agriculture Press, 2004). PDF Competitive interaction in jujube tree/cotton agroforestry system in Design and practice of emasculation-free cross breeding in Chinese jujube. Agrofor Syst 37:91109, Young A (1997) Agroforestry for soil management. Technol.37, 916 (2017). Given the demands of the new era, the development tendencies of the modern fruit industry and the new technologies available, jujube research in China is facing a series of important challenges. & Wang, Y. Chinese Fruit Trees Record-Chinese Jujube (China Forestry Publishing House, 1993). Review of researches on Chinese date high yield cultural theory and techniques. Liu, M. et al. Sin.32, 10081012 (2005). This practice could lead to soil water depletion. Zhao, Z. et al. It only needs light pruning because of its unique self-pruning habits: fruit-bearing shoots fall off in the fall, mother-bearing shoots extend only ~1mm a year, secondary shoots die back year by year, and only the tops of the primary shoots can extend (Fig. After 1995, research on jujube tissue culture increased rapidly, and tissue culture with stem tips, stem segments, leaves, anthers, embryos, and cotyledons as explants were all successful83,86,87,99,100. Genetic engineering has also made some advances, but these applications are not yet fully developed. Jujube fruits are eaten fresh, dried, boiled, stewed, and baked and are used to flavour tea. In the past 30 years, a total of ~200 new cultivars with large fruit, good fruit quality, high resistance to diseases, and varying uses and maturity times were released through polyploid breeding or selection from seedlings, bud mutants, and local germplasms2. J. Agric. Characteristics of fruiting and fertility of different cultivars of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Evaluation on nutritious characteristics and germplasm screening of different Chinese jujube cultivars. Hebei12, 19 (1989). In 4th International Jujube Symposium, XXX International Horticultural Congress, Istanbul, Turkey (International Horticultural Congress, Istanbul, Turkey, 2018) (in press). CAS Morphological, cytological and nutritional changes of autotetraploid compared to its diploid counterpart in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). J. Can J Bot 84:16861694, Zamora DS, Jose S, Nair PKR (2007) Morphological plasticity of cotton roots in response to interspecific competition with pecan in an alley cropping system in the southern United States. Wu, J., Zhang, Y., Li, M. & Qian, J. Grades of Fresh Chinese Jujube Fruit (Standards Press of China, 2008). Our study was conducted to apply root pruning to test whether it can effectively inhibit the vigorous vegetative growth by regulating the competitive ability of the root system for water and nutrients. A gene block located in the region from 9.20 to 14.68Mb of pseudochromosome 1 is highly conserved and contains many genes related to sugar metabolism and stress tolerance. Yangling: Northwest A&F University (2014). & Liu, M. A high-efficiency regeneration system for immature embryo of Ziziphus jujuba Dongzao at very early stage. Since the 1980s, various cultivation techniques focusing on high yield were developed for the leading cultivars and main production areas, which increased production by over 50%, increased the high-quality fruit rate by over 30%, and reduced pesticide use by over 50%102,103. CAB International, Wallingford, p 276, Zamora DS, Jose S, Nair PKR, Ramsey CL (2006) Interspecific competition in a pecan-cotton alleycropping system in the southern United States: production physiology. & Liu, M. Simultaneous determination of four water-soluble vitamins in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Anal.73, 1016 (2018). Environ. Chen, Y., Zhao, Z., Zhao, J. PDF Jujube Planting Instructions - Ison's Nursery & Vineyard Agriculture | Free Full-Text | Adapting Root Distribution and Improving The latter was further divided into Ser. Wang, L. et al. Sin.36, 196200 (2003). Several high-density genetic linkage maps have been constructed based on segregation populations of JMS2Xing16, DongzaoLinyilizao, DongzaoJinsi 4, and DongzaoYinshanhong17,90,91,92.